Welcome, Mr WayofCats. You recently mentioned you once thought two cats were plenty.

Yes. Now I live with four! And… loving it.

You are declaring yourself a fan of Cat Civilization, which I define as three cats or more.

I am.

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The two cats we had before, James Bond and Puffy, were funny together, mostly because they were so mis-matched. And they didn’t have that many interactions. But now that we have four…

And one of them is Tristan.

And one of them is Tristan! It creates a whole new dynamic. Tristan is so social, it’s a kind of magnifying glass to what is going on. I can see them plotting things. I can watch the communication go back and forth.

Like when Olwyn was taking care of Tristan when he was tiny, and she would shoot RJ a look, like “Get over here and help with this kitten,” and he would get up and come over and start playing with Tristan. That is exactly what happened, it was so clear.

Seems like every day when I come home, you have a funny story.

They are always up to something. There will be road work going on, and someone will get my attention and lead me to the window. Then all of them will appear for the explanation. And they expect me to give an explanation.

I don’t think they can possibly understand “roads” and “potholes” and “heavy machinery” but they do know they have been given an explanation. It’s really amazing. And yes, really funny.

Their last big group project was when I went away to that seminar.

It was the first overnight separation for Tristan, and he was a little clingy, a little puzzled. They all made a point of sleeping exactly where they always do, leaving a space in the bed for you to “appear” in. It was obvious to me they expected some kind of magic from them doing this, because when you didn’t appear, they got all pouty.

This is part of what you taught me about them; that if something good happens, or something bad happens, they will interact about it, they will confer with each other, they will, you know, act like a cohesive group.

Like the way Olwyn took over from James Bond.

Yes, exactly! That was a real mentoring thing, where I could see James Bond kind of “conferring” with her, spending a lot of time with her, and the information got transferred somehow, because she wasn’t very old when she started keeping tabs on everyone, and James started taking more naps. He knew she would take care of all that stuff he didn’t have to keep track of anymore.

I really wish I had known all this stuff before. Growing up, we had this great cat, Max. We had a close relationship, but knowing what I know now, I’m sure he had moments when he was wishing I would “get it” more than I did at the time.

It’s as much you having a good time as it is the cats.

Yes, I exchanged affection with him and took good care of him. But definitely, we’d both have a better time of it once I understood more.

When I last interviewed Mr WayofCats, he discussed raising his first kitten.

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How can I tell? Why did it take so long? Why does that make a difference?

RJ’s dominant breed (there might be others) is the Maine Coon Cat; known for slow maturation. This goes for body and mind; drawn out even further by serious neglect in his early months that slowed him down a bit.

But while RJ was growing bigger and bigger; it wasn’t until recently that he exhibited mature traits of mind. Such as occasionally responding to Olwyn’s orders with some waving paws that assert: You’re not the boss of me.

I mean, she is… but now he notices.

Only a year ago RJ was Olwyn’s willing minion, hauling that massive body to his feet when she summoned him to help with the kitten, Tristan. But now Tristan and RJ, however much of an odd couple they are in the looks department, are buddies. Tristan will happily pounce on RJ on his own initiative.

So now Olwyn has less of a need to boss RJ; except that she bosses everyone. Like ourselves, RJ doesn’t necessarily like being told to do what he’s already doing. Now that he’s aware that is what is going on… he objects by waving a paw over her head, or chasing her.

They never fight; like siblings under a parental eye, they prefer to annoy each other.

RJ adores the Shedmonster, and we have a daily ritual where he gets groomed with it. Olwyn politely waits her turn. But while she’s getting groomed, RJ will poke her until he gets locked in the bathroom for a time out. Even if, as we’ve started to do, he gets warned not to.

While this sounds like immature behavior, it actually points to an improvement in RJ’s brain.

A cat’s hunting skills are based on anticipation. They rely on figuring out where their prey is going to be; and get there, first. As I explain in Fixing the Deprived Cat, we sometimes need to try a little harder to help our cat with these concepts.

Previously, RJ didn’t know he was being bossed. He didn’t think about it; he just did it. He has a naturally pliant nature, and a big heart. But now that the concept of not doing it has dawned on him; it’s a new toy to play with.

Siblings bicker with each other in dominance games because this is how they learn social behaviors they will use in adulthood. Cats learn from their buddies and their “bosses” the same way. RJ has always been challenged when it came to cause and effect because his early deprivation was so profound.

Now, he’s got this abstract concept in his brain and he’s literally running with it. We step in when Olwyn signals she’s tired of being chased and poked at by hissing at RJ. Then we scold him, and give him a “time out” if he persists. Olwyn doesn’t want to fight with him; and she never feels that she has to, because we are there.

This is how cats can have conflicts and still be friends.

If we are there to enforce the House Rules, everyone gets to express themselves, and yet not cause trouble.

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When do we want it? Yesterday!

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Proper introductions. People only realize they made a mistake rushing the introductions after they have done it. Their own excitement over the new cat, the misconception that the cats will “work it out themselves,” and the impatience that leads to thinking “they have to get along sometime” can go ahead and trigger an existing cat’s territorial defense system.

Now the hapless new cat is seen as a threat, and there’s plenty of sadness to go around. What can we do now?

Consistent policing. If we’ve messed up the introductions, let’s redo them. If we’ve been “leaving it up to the cats” we have now seen what a mess this leads to. It’s never too late to establish ground rules and make them stick.

When our cats make their own decisions, they will always err on the side of caution; and reject the possibility of friendship. When they feel alone in deciding, this triggers survival instincts that makes them hoard resources.

When we step in to encourage them when they don’t fight, we add new imperatives to the mix. Cats want to get along; they often don’t know how to do that.

Choosing compatibility. I developed my “cat types” because of what I learned about cat incompatibility. Too much difference creates gaps in what I call “outlook.”

One cat’s idea of fun is to stare out the window for hours on end, while the other cat wants to wrestle heads several times a day. If these two cats are the only ones around, there’s going to be friction.

We have a lively Alpha (Tristan, at bottom of photo) and a mellow Beta (Reverend Jim, top of photo) getting along because Tristan loves to do both things; and RJ will put up with the things he doesn’t like so much to get the things he does.

As a kitten, Tristan was constantly seen with Olwyn, but that was because she was supervising him. Now that he’s mostly raised, she has gone back to explore intellectual concepts with James Bond; that’s what they love to do.

While our two tabby boys may wildly differ in appearance, they both love the same kinds of play. They both enjoy social companionship. When they keep showing up in the same places, enjoying the same things, closeness follows.

Controlled stress. We can do everything right, and still mess up, if we don’t take cat stressors into consideration. As our cats age, develop medical issues, or experience changes in their environment, a previously smooth operation can experience new problems.

We are thrilled that our tiny rescue, Tristan, has grown into such a social asset to our Cat Civilization. With rescue, we can’t always choose.

But if one cat is asking for something the existing humans, or cats, can’t give, we should consider supplying a being… who can.

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If circumstances place them in surroundings where they need to go it alone, and protect their hunting territory; that is what they will do.

If circumstances place them in surroundings where they do better as cooperative members of a community; they will.

see more Lolcats and funny pictures, and check out our Socially Awkward Penguin lolz!

To live with multiple cats successfully is to keep the solitary system turned down and the community system running full blast.

Here’s some tips to make this happen:

Support: Over the years, I’ve had far more cats happy in a community than I’ve had determined Only Cats. Which has led me to conclude Only Cats are more made than born.

What creates cats who hate other cats is triggering the save yourself reflex. If these cats perceive scarcity, they will try to drive other cats away from this dwindling resource.

So we must do our best to convey abundance to our cats. For instance, if we are dealing with a starving rescue, many people worry about the cat getting fat; they create a situation when the cat is still being restricted with their food.

If we feed them properly and let them eat as much as they want, they can finally relax. And slim down.

Attitude. Almost all cats are born into a social situation as part of a litter. Kittens love to wrestle, stalk, and nap with each other; but some do grow out of this acceptance faster than others.

I acquired James Bond as a kitten who had trouble extending his trust to others, after he was whisked away from his mother too soon and lost his littermates to other homes. Even though James likes other cats, he’s always grumpy about it at first.

While Tristan loves everyone. The other day our downstairs neighbors went out; and he parked himself on the interior stairs, pining for them to come back. He also lost his mother and littermates too soon; but his reaction was the opposite of James Bond’s. Tristan seeks out opportunities.

I keep disparate cats getting along by being the Boss of Cat Town. When we police our cat’s interactions with each other for maximum harmony, our cats get their behavior corrected, and they can enjoy social interaction, of whatever level they like, all the more.

Territory. If our cats have to search for spaces of their own, this can trigger the mine! mine! reflex. If we do not convey that these spaces are for everyone, and enforce our wishes, our cats won’t feel confident of getting a good space when they need it. This can drive them to feel compelled to “own” it instead.

Our cats must not see other cats as rivals; not for food, attention, or a nice lookout post. Our cat tree has more levels than cats, and this creates a lot of “mind space” so that anyone looking for a perch can find it.

Don’t be stingy with “cat spaces” and our cats won’t feel compelled to fight over their possession.

Expectations: I expect all my cats to get along. I convey this strongly, with every interaction they have, and from the very beginning.

By using proper, un-rushed, introductions; by choosing, when I can, for cats with social skills; by showing my cats what great things come from cooperation and interaction; all these things contribute to a successful Cat Civilization.

When we create a “plenty of trees in the forest” feeling for all our cat’s needs, they don’t feel like they are going it alone.

Then, they won’t act that way.

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One kind is when we are ready for some cat enjoyment; only, there’s no cat available. The other kind is when we want a certain kind of cat enjoyment; and feel we can’t get it from our current situation.

Fortunately, there’s one solution to both kinds of Cat Gaps; where what we want is missing.

see more Lolcats and funny pictures, and check out our Socially Awkward Penguin lolz!

Yes. It’s my favorite piece of advice:

The solution to your cat problem is, more cats!

I’m not at all saying that this solves every cat problem. There is nothing wrong with a happy Only Cat and their devoted person. What I am saying is that Cat Gap problems are the right kind to try and solve with more cats. Cat Gap problems worsen when we try to change the existing cat.

If we found Olwyn’s need for a lot of contact annoying, we would only hurt her feelings, and create anxiety, by attempting to turn her into a cat who wants less contact. Trying to turn mellow RJ into lively Tristan, or vice versa, would only upset and alienate them. If elderly James Bond was our only cat, we would be totally covered on the cuddly when we go to bed part but almost completely missing the fun to play with part of a cat relationship.

If we are wishing for “more cat” than our present situation can give, another cat can help fill that Gap. But we can also confront the fact that we want a lap cat, and our present cat will not become one. We’d like a cat who hangs around all the time, but have one who only shows up for intense focus at rare intervals. Or we have a cat who seems too demanding of our time and attention; which might be because they are lonely, and truly need a cat companion.

My time spent filling my home with multiple rescues has given me a lot of experience with what we can change about a cat; and what we can’t. Simply put: we can move the volume slider up or down, but we can’t change the channel.

Mellow cats like RJ can be helped to realize that there are more opportunities for cuddling than the one they seek out most often. Lap-averse cats might welcome us getting down on the floor and exchanging affection as equals.

Attempting to change our present cat into our “dream cat” is going to fail. Looking for another cat who will have more of our “dream cat” qualities will bring more of that into our home; and might even set an example for our other cats to follow. Then, instead of feeling upset or resentful that we are not getting what we want from a cat who cannot give it, we get what we want; and we can love our other cat for themselves, and what they bring.

My goal is more cats, in more homes.

Because that’s not just better for the cats. A lot of the time, it’s actually better for the humans, too.

Read more about how extra cats helps us solve The Cat Gap.

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We’d had Tristan for about an hour when we saw signs he might turn out to be RJ’s “little buddy.” As Mr WayofCats observed, early on, The goofball is strong with this one.

This was a sign of matching “outlooks,” which is what I call each cat’s operating philosophy. If one cat feels the environment needs to be wrestled into submission on a daily basis, and another cat is afraid of touching it for fear it will shatter; that’s a radical difference in, well, everything.

With such a mismatch, the best we can hope for is the two cats ignoring each other. They won’t be able to think of anything to actually do with each other.

On the surface, RJ and Tristan seem like entirely different cats. RJ is our calm Buddha cat. Hauling that massive hulk of a body around means he wears himself out pretty quickly. His favorite things are observing and contemplating. While Tristan is lightning in a bottle; always on the go, always looking for something new to explore.

If these two were the only ones in the household, there would be a bit of difficulty in matching some play preferences. Fortunately, Tristan doesn’t need RJ for head wrestling.

When Tristan is in the mood for wrestling, he has learned the cat most open to such overtures is the cat closest to his own age, two-year-old Olwyn.

As seen at left, Tristan wrestling with RJ works for not quite long enough to turn on the camera.

But for everything else, Tristan winds up hanging with Reverend Jim. These two cats both enjoy the same things, only at different speeds. If Tristan is at the top of the cat tree, making it sway, Reverend Jim is down below, scratching the bottom of the same post.

Olwyn and James Bond share compatible bonds in their close relationship. Olwyn wants to take charge and make sure everything gets done properly, and James loves to do this himself, and enjoys teaching her. They like to observe and then compare notes, lying near each other in silent companionship.

While both of them like RJ, they aren’t interested in sitting on the windowsill for hours. They look out the window, but they can’t shape what’s out the window; this doesn’t interest Beta Supervisors like Olwyn and James. RJ and Olwyn would play, but RJ would have to restrain himself with the much smaller Olwyn. She never learned to get out of the way of his favorite headlong charges, and needed to be shut in the bathroom at such times.

As I said when I originally posted this picture: RJ is the only one of our cats who never hissed or swatted at Tristan, whether in exasperation or in a teaching attempt. RJ simply lets Tristan do whatever he wants.

When RJ and Tristan play, they both go pedal to the metal. They love to play tag. When I get out a wand toy and RJ is barreling down the living room “runway,” Tristan is perched on a chair, watching. They love fishing treats out of the puzzle box and searching for where I hid them in the cat tree. Olwyn, while enjoying the puzzle box, is less likely to head “into the rigging” like Tristan and RJ.

But it’s not just play that pulls these two tabby boys together.

Here, the quarterly thrill ride that is me disassembling the Litter Robot for spraywashing elsewhere has completed itself, and they soothe their anxieties about its absence by exploring its return.

We wouldn’t have gotten here without the humans being the Boss of Cat Town. We handled James Bond’s exasperation with kitten cluelessness. While Olwyn turned out to enjoy mothering Tristan, her first reaction was Send it back, it’s broken!

These early encounters need to be positively shaped by us, the human. Their first reaction, even if they are species-lonely and want a cat companion, is an instinctive caution. They need us to help them “look on the bright side.”

These early, vital, signals are how our cats understand what’s expected of them.

Then we can all reap the many benefits of cat companionship.

We rescued a tiny kitten, not knowing anything about him. See all my posts about Tristan.

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James Bond: As our most Senior Cat, who is 77 in People Years, James Bond is reflecting his age with increased nap time and new rituals.

While it was not planned, one of the best things we’ve done for James is get him a protege; Olwyn. Knowing that there’s someone properly monitoring everything in the house lets James let go of that duty. We let him know he will still be consulted in an emergency.

Since he has new routines, he seeks me out at different times for special closeness. I keep track of these times and make sure I’m available.

This is another example of how Cat Civilization works for us. James is the kind of cat who would be more distressed about the diminution of his abilities if there were no one else to pick up his slack. Now, he can retire.

Reverend Jim: RJ is actually closing in on maturation only now, at three and a half. He was rescued from near-death from starvation, and had an extremely deprived early upbringing. The fact that he is arriving at adulthood about where he should be is an amazing testament to the recovery abilities of cats.

RJ loves having cat buddies share his favorite activities. Whether he’s in the window with Tristan, on the bed near James Bond, or inspecting the cat tree with Olwyn, he’s much happier than he would be as an Only Cat.

Having cat companions also did wonders for catching up on the development he had missed.

No one should mistake RJ’s mellowness for passivity. He truly is a Gentle Giant, but one of the ways he’s signaling maturation is the occasional lowkey dispute with Olwyn. We’ve figured out that this is his way of protesting, You aren’t the boss of me!

Olwyn: One thing about our Boss Princess; deep down, we will admit she is the boss of all of us.

We got her at six weeks, rallying after a near-fatal spell of Failure to Thrive. We had her an hour when I told Mr WayofCats that she wants to run the whole place. At a little over two years old, there’s no question about her abilities, or her wants.

If Mr WayofCats doesn’t take his nap in a timely fashion, if James Bond needs to be told what the mysterious noise was, if I am late with dinner, or if Tristan is playing with something he shouldn’t; we get landed on with all four paws. She will nudge and chatter and get firmly underfoot until everyone is doing what they are supposed to.

Then she sits back and receives the appreciation of her subjects… I mean, fans! Because after all, credit where it’s due. She makes it look easy.

Tristan: Tristan is nine months old, the baby of our cat family. The interesting dynamic with Tristan is that he will continue to fill this role even after he grows older.

He’s like that.

For some cats, high energy play and continuous investigation tapers off as they mature. With Tristan, I don’t think so.

He’s unabashedly affectionate and will greet strangers; this openness will continue at the same level because it’s an intrinsic part of his nature.

These four cats have created a living dynamic because of their interactions with each other. James Bond can relax, and Tristan is secure, because of Olwyn’s nurturing nature. Olwyn is not overwhelmed, however, because she can draw on James’ expertise, and get RJ to pitch in under supervision.

In turn, this shapes what our cats require from the humans; and what they do not. Mr WayofCats and I got more sleep because we knew Olwyn was watching over tiny Tristan. I don’t have to monitor the Litter Robot or the feeding station very often because a face will appear with reports if something unexpected comes up.

The whole point of a civilization is that different members can contribute in different ways; for the good of all.

Be it human, or feline.

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Mr WayofCats wound up a bit worn out from putting up the cat tree and helping me shoot video. His chronic illness had put him down for a nap. Olwyn, his caretaker, left his side to come see me; but there was a different spin on her entreaties.

I would feel a paw on my knee, and follow her to the kitchen, and refill the water bowl. Or I would follow her to the computer room, and explain that Her Guy would be back to his routine soon.

She seemed satisfied each time. But then she would come back.

Our “Punkin” is sweet and affectionate with me; she loves to be hugged, and often curls up in the curve of my knees at bedtime.

But she is one of those cats who is most strongly bonded to one person; and that person is definitely Mr WayofCats.

So I was starting to wonder what part of her routine she was asking for, one that she would normally get from Mr WayofCats, when she settled the communication problem.

All by herself.

She called in the big gun; James Bond.

He appeared at my knee with a plaintive Ming. When I asked him what he wanted, he twirled, so I got up.

He directed me to the kitchen, to the cabinet, and to the container that held the treat Punkin wanted. He waited for me to spoon it out on a plate and put it on the floor.

Then, he left. He didn’t want any of the treat; he just wanted to make sure his Punkin got it.

I’ve never seen a clearer case of Mentoring than the one between James Bond and Olwyn. Within the first few days of her arrival, we noticed she had certain habits of observing things, and interacting with them, that mirrored James Bond’s. She breezed past his grumpiness by “accidentally” rolling onto the end of his tail, and then beaming sweetness at him when he noticed.

She never tackled his head or ambushed him in the hallway. As a fellow Born Supervisor, she must have recognized greatness when she saw it. It didn’t take too long before James Bond was showing her all the ropes.

Just a couple of years before, we had adopted Reverend Jim. James Bond was much friendlier, right away, with RJ. He let RJ sleep in his chair with him. He watched over him, and would tell us if RJ was misbehaving. Yet, he never showed RJ any ropes at all.

What was the difference?

As we like to say, “RJ isn’t management material.” James Bond didn’t see any supervisory tendencies in RJ; he saw an abused kitten who needed a older buddy to be friendly to him. So he provided that.

When Olwyn arrived, he saw her as a kitten who needed a playmate; RJ was better suited to that role than James, already in his teens. But Olwyn won him over, then persuaded him to retire to some well-earned rest because she was capable of handling all the things he would otherwise worry about.

This is why James Bond will do anything for her.

Before there was Tristan, there was Olwyn. See how she blended with our two Beta boys of widely varying age with all my Olwyn posts.

For more about being alert to communication, see Tune the Cat Radio

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There’s more about multiple cats in The Way of Cats than the article you are reading now. See more posts on the MULTIPLE CAT ADVANTAGE.

He was happy to finally retire. Because James Bond is a born Supervisor with strong feelings about how the house should be run.

When he hands over these traditions to the new cats in the home, we have a continuation of our Cat Civilization.

see more Lolcats and funny pictures, and check out our Socially Awkward Penguin lolz!

I have many reasons I enjoy having cats in bunches. At least half of them involve the way it makes my tasks, lighter.

Cats learn best from other cats; it’s where the language and the instincts intersect to get the idea across. When other cats model “how it’s done” we have patterns for kittens to notice, social pressure for the rowdy ones, and reassurance for the quieter ones.

This makes our training time shorter and faster. This also creates a “cat culture” which passes on traditions and rules; in the same way our own civilization works. By having multiple cats, we can tap into our cat’s social side and encourage their tendencies towards cooperation and toleration. We also damp down their instincts towards territoriality, insecurity, and jealousy.

Having cat continuity is a series of “loving links” which lets our cat history reach back as far as we’ve had cats. Despite rough circumstances, I have an unbroken line stretching back through over two decades, now. It helps to feel that a bit of our lost cats are still with us. And they are!

James Bond learned how to wade into a cat conflict and “break it up” from Myron and Bubby. In turn, Olwyn is our Kitty Policeman now, and she is teaching Tristan how to handle his sometimes overwhelming need for contact.

Having multiple cats means greater chances of having the right cat to fill the right slot at the right time.

Cats do have social instincts; they simply disappear under stress. By choosing properly, by shoring up and stepping back as needed, we can encourage the social sides of our cats to bloom like a garden of many flowers.

That is how one ring can rule them all; and help them rule themselves.

For more about creating a cat civilization, see Generations of Training and The Hive Mind.

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There’s more about multiple cats in The Way of Cats than the article you are reading now. See more posts on the MULTIPLE CAT ADVANTAGE.

But while Tristan happily goes to bed with us, he wakes up before dawn all alone. That’s the problem.

This picture was taken from our apartment door on the third floor; with Tristan on the second floor landing.

He is waiting for our neighbors to come home from an evening out; they recently returned from vacation and he missed them intensely.

While we love that he’s so social, these kinds of cats have a downside, too. They need that contact; a lot. While Reverend Jim is highly self-amusing, Tristan will play by himself with toys only if there is someone watching.

This past weekend I hauled out a bunch of stuff that needed to leave the apartment, like garbage and recyclables and laundry. Tristan happily ran up and down the stairs, trying to participate.

It is his good fortune that he found a home with other cats, and a stay-at-home human. Because he’s exactly the kind of cat who could never be left alone.

As it is, when he’s frustrated, I trained him to pull tissues out of the box and shred them; instead of pulling them out of the trash. Sometimes, in the dark pre-dawn hours, that is what I hear him doing; it is a self-soothing strategy he needs at such a time.

Another way he copes is to wrap himself around my head (like the face-hugger in Alien) and go to sleep while making muuu muuu noises. This is his “sad and lonely” sound. One of his first indelible experiences must have been his abandonment to cold and hunger. His response is to seek me out and cling to me.

The rest of the time, he doesn’t need such comfort. He has plenty to do and other beings to do it with.

Whatever project we are working on, we’ve come to expect Tristan to be in the thick of things. But not as a Supervisor; he’s a Helper.

We can always count on him to lend a paw.

We rescued a tiny kitten, not knowing anything about him. See all my posts about Tristan.

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There’s more to raising and training a cat with The Way of Cats than the article you are reading now. See my CAT TRAINING TIPS.